Even though our prisons fail in their goals of deterrence and rehabilitation, there is one way they succeed: incapacitation. When criminals are in prison, they cannot commit crimes in the free world. They still commit crimes in prison.
Incapacitation now ranks as the primary justification for prison. Society has almost given up on rehabilitation, the original goal of the penitentiary. When Congress abolished parole in the federal criminal justice system, they found point-blank that rehabilitation efforts have largely failed.
Some studies show great value in temporarily preventing crime with incapacitation. One found that for each convict released due to prison overcrowding litigation, over a dozen crimes are committed, at a cost of above the average cost of keeping a prisoner for one year. Another found the cost of releasing a criminal to be over 10 times the cost of incarceration. Many inmates unless confined commit something like 200 crimes per year. One economist found four reasons for the marked decrease in U.S. crime, starting in about 1991: the rising prison population, more police, the receding crack cocaine epidemic and the legalization of abortion. One advantage of prison is that it gives young men and women time to mature. After lengthy prison sentences, older, more mature offenders are less likely to re-offend violently than when they were younger. Read the rest of this entry »

